Bache Ki BCG Vaccine: Ulcer, Pus, Scar Aur Gaanth — Kya Normal Hai Aur Kya Karein

Dr. Sandip Gupta

Ek pediatrician bata rahe hain ki bachon ko janm ke samay lagne wali BCG vaccine kya hai — left upper arm par injection site par gaanth, ulcer, redness aur pus discharge kyun hota hai, parents ko darne ki zaroorat kyun nahi hai, aur uski care kaise karni hai. Is video mein cover kiya gaya hai: BCG kab aur kyun lagti hai BCG vaccine janm ke samay lagti hai; swasth bachon ko generally hospital se discharge hone se pehle BCG laga kar hi discharge kiya jaata hai. Ye tuberculosis (TB), yaani kshay rog, ke prevention ke liye di jaati hai. TB India mein kaafi prevalent disease hai, khaas kar wahan jahan poor hygiene aur overcrowding hai, aur low economic status wali families mein. TB generally lungs mein khaansi ya bukhar ki tarah aati hai, par iski bahut si complications ho sakti hain — TB brain mein ja sakti hai, body ke sabhi angon ko prabhavit kar sakti hai, aur spine ya bones ko bhi affect kar sakti hai. BCG khaas taur par TB ke do serious forms rokne mein kaargar hai: brain TB (TB meningitis) aur miliary TB, jo spine, kidney, liver jaise solid organs mein fail jaati hai. National Immunization Schedule aur IAP immunization schedule — dono mein janm ke samay BCG lagane ka pravdhan hai, isliye sabhi bachon ko BCG lagwani chahiye. BCG ke baad normal reaction — events ka sequence BCG intradermally di jaati hai, jabki bahut si vaccines intramuscular ya subcutaneous di jaati hain. Shuru ke kuch din tak generally koi reaction nahi hota. Vaccine lagne ke lagbhag 2 se 3 hafte baad wahan ek chhoti si laal gaanth banne lagti hai. Swelling dheere-dheere badhti hai, papdi/crusting banne lagti hai, phir wo phat jaati hai aur wahan ulcer ban jaata hai. Ulcer se kuch dinon tak dheere-dheere pus — white ya yellow material — discharge hota rehta hai. Lagbhag 3 se 4 mahine par wo ghaav sookh kar scar ban jaata hai. Ye poora sequence BCG vaccine ke baad normal hai. BCG ulcer ya nodule ki care kaise karein Gaanth phatne ke baad halka dard hota hai aur pus jaisa material nikalta hai. Agar dard se bacha pareshan hai to apne pediatrician ki recommend ki hui dose mein paracetamol de sakte hain. Local site par koi bhi antibiotic cream ya ointment nahi lagani hai, use squeeze nahi karna hai, aur wahan koi bandage nahi lagana hai. Alag se kuch karne ki zaroorat nahi hai. Bas cotton gauze se use clean karte rehna hai, dry aur open rakhna hai, cover nahi karna hai — wo dheere-dheere sookh kar heal ho jaayega aur scar ban jaayega, koi problem nahi hogi. Agar koi reaction hi na ho Agar koi nodule, ulcer ya scar nahi ban raha, to iska matlab ye nahi ki vaccine ka effect nahi hua ya bache ko fayda nahi mila. Lagbhag 10% bachon mein BCG vaccine se reaction nahi hota. Agar aapke paas documentation hai ki particular date par BCG lagi thi aur signature hai, to iska matlab vaccine zaroor di gayi hai aur aap maan sakte hain ki bache ko fayda hua hai — dobara lagwane ki zaroorat nahi hai. BCG lymphadenitis (baghal ya gale mein gaanth) Bahut rare cases mein, BCG lagne ke kuch mahine baad usi taraf ki armpit (baghal) mein ya gale mein ek gaanth jaisi banne lagti hai, lymph node swelling aa jaati hai. Ise BCG lymphadenitis kehte hain. Agar us gaanth mein koi pain, redness ya swelling nahi hai aur sirf gaanth hai, to wo generally kuch mahinon mein khud hi sookh jaati hai aur size mein reduce ho jaati hai — kabhi-kabhi 3 mahine bhi lag jaate hain. Iske liye alag se kuch karne ki zaroorat nahi. Par agar us gaanth ya lymph node mein swelling, redness aa jaaye, wo pakne lage, wahan pus jaisa aane lage, ya phat kar pus nikalne lage, to apne doctor se consult karein. Doctor generally needle se us pus material ko aspirate kar dete hain aur dheere-dheere ghaav sookh jaata hai. Is video mein in sawalon ke jawab hain: Bache ko BCG vaccine kab lagti hai? BCG vaccine kis liye lagti hai? TB ke kaunse forms ise rokti hai? BCG lagne ki jagah par gaanth, sujan ya redness kyun aa gayi hai? BCG wali jagah se pus kyun nikal raha hai? Kya ye infection hai? BCG ke kitne hafte baad nodule aur ulcer banta hai? BCG ka ghaav kab bharta hai aur scar kab banta hai? BCG ulcer ki care kaise karein? Kya cream lagayein, dabayein ya bandage karein? Agar BCG site se bache ko dard ho raha hai to kya de sakte hain? Mere bache ka BCG ka nishaan ya scar nahi bana — kya vaccine kaam nahi kari? Kya dobara lagwani padegi? BCG ke baad bache ki baghal ya gale mein gaanth ho gayi hai — BCG lymphadenitis kya hai? BCG reaction ya gaanth ko lekar doctor ke paas kab jaana chahiye? Kinke liye relevant hai: newborn aur chhote bachon ke parents, khaas kar wo jo BCG injection site ke reaction, ulcer, pus discharge, scar na banne ya vaccination ke baad gaanth ko lekar pareshan hain. Disclaimer: Is video mein di gayi saari jaankari aur sujhaav samanya swasthya jaankari hai. Ye professional medical advice, diagnosis ya treatment ka vikalp nahi hai. Koi bhi dawai ya dose apne pediatrician ki salah se hi dein. Agar reaction bahut zyada lage ya gaanth mein redness, sujan aa jaaye ya usse pus nikalne lage to apne doctor se zaroor consult karein.